◆ Vol. IV · §02 · ¶03 — Investment

Investment Scorer.

Analyze any stock across valuation, profitability, growth, momentum and safety — and get one transparent Buy & Sell score.

Educational only. This is a research aid, not investment advice — and no calculator can guarantee returns.

Score a stock →Ratio library ↓How it works ↓

← Back to Income

§ Tool — Stock Analyzer

Stock analyzer

Enter the numbers from any company's last 10-K or 10-Q (or your favorite data provider). Scores update as you type.

Identity & price

Ticker / name

Current price

Shares outstanding (M)

Price 12 months ago

Benchmark return % (12m)

Earnings & revenue

EPS (current)

EPS (next year est.)

EPS (previous year)

Revenue (current, M)

Revenue (prev year, M)

EPS estimate (recent qtr)

EPS actual (recent qtr)

Profitability inputs

Net income (M)

Gross profit (M)

Operating income (M)

EBIT (M)

EBITDA (M)

ROIC %

Cost of capital %

Balance sheet

Total assets (M)

Shareholders' equity (M)

Total debt (M)

Cash (M)

Marketable securities (M)

Receivables (M)

Current assets (M)

Current liabilities (M)

Interest expense (M)

Book value / share

Replacement cost of assets (M)

Weights (% — should sum to 100)

Valuation %

Profitability %

Growth %

Momentum %

Safety %

Buy & Sell score · AAPL

53

Hold

0–100 scale · higher = more buy signals

Strong sellSellHoldBuyStrong buy

Valuation

16

Strong Sell

Profitability

92

Strong Buy

Growth

40

Hold

Momentum

69

Buy

Safety

49

Hold

Plain-English summary

AAPL scores 53 (Hold). Strengths: Profitability: high margins and returns on capital; Momentum: price and earnings trend is positive. Concerns: Valuation: looks expensive on common multiples; Growth: growth is flat or declining.

Use this as one input in a broader research process. Re-run with conservative numbers to stress-test.

Valuation

P/E	29.23	sell
Forward P/E	26.39	sell
PEG	2.42	sell
P/S	7.65	sell
P/B	45.24	sell
EV/EBITDA	23.04	sell
Tobin's Q	9.55	sell

Profitability

ROE	146.2%	buy
ROA	27.1%	buy
ROIC	28.0%	buy
Gross margin	44.2%	buy
Operating margin	29.9%	buy
Net margin	24.7%	buy
Asset turnover	1.10	buy
Interest coverage	32.86×	buy

Growth

EPS growth	12.1%	hold
Revenue growth	5.5%	hold
PEG	2.42	sell

Momentum

12m price momentum	15.2%	hold
Relative strength	3.15 pp	hold
Earnings surprise	4.8%	hold
ROIC − Cost of capital	19.00 pp	buy

Safety

Debt / Equity	1.69	sell
Debt / Capital	62.9%	sell
Quick ratio	0.89	hold
Working capital	-10000	sell

§ Library

Ratio library

A mini-course on the numbers professionals actually use. Each card links to the matching input in the analyzer above.

Valuation

High value means

Investors expect growth — or the stock is expensive.

Low value means

Bargain — or the market expects trouble.

Buy signal

Below sector median & growth supports it

Sell signal

Far above peers with no growth catalyst

Example

Price $100, EPS $5 → P/E 20.

Jump to input ↑

Profitability

Growth

Momentum & Quality

Safety & Leverage

§ Method

How it works

No black box. Here's the entire scoring engine in plain English.

1 — Categories

Every ratio belongs to one of five families: Valuation, Profitability, Growth, Momentum, Safety.

2 — Sub-scores

Each ratio is mapped to a 0–100 score using sensible thresholds (e.g. P/E of 8 → 100, P/E of 40 → 0). Ratios in a category are averaged into a category sub-score.

3 — Weighted overall

Sub-scores are blended into one 0–100 Buy & Sell Score using the weights you set in the analyzer (defaults to 20% each).

4 — Verdict

80–100 Strong Buy · 60–79 Buy · 40–59 Hold · 20–39 Sell · 0–19 Strong Sell.

Step 1

Enter the company's financial data from its latest filing.

Step 2

Read the overall score and the five category sub-scores.

Step 3

Use the ratio library to learn why each signal fired.

Step 4

Combine with qualitative research. Never rely on one number to buy or sell.

Educational tool. Past performance and accounting numbers do not predict the future. Always read the filings and consider your own situation.